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The primary organized worldwide competitors involving winter sports activities was launched just 5 years after the start of the modern Olympics in 1896. This competition, the Nordic Games, included only athletes from the Scandinavian countries and was held quadrennially in Sweden, starting in 1901. Figure skating was included in the Olympics for the primary time within the 1908 Summer Games in London, though the skating competition was not truly held until October, some three months after the other events have been over. British, Canadian, and (starting in September 1941) United States escorts, at first pitifully few, confronted aggressive and persistent U-boat exercise. In November 1917 he started to move southward throughout Portuguese East Africa (Germany had declared battle on Portugal in March 1916), and, after crossing again into German East Africa in September 1918, he turned southwestward to invade Northern Rhodesia in October. In Jiaozhou (Kiaochow) Bay a small German enclave on the Chinese coast, the port of Qingdao (Tsingtao) was the object of Japanese assault from September 1914. With some help from British troops and from Allied warships, the Japanese captured it on November 7. In October, in the meantime, the Japanese had occupied the Marianas, the Caroline Islands, and the Marshalls within the North Pacific, these islands being defenseless because the departure of Admiral von Spee’s naval squadron.

Both the Japanese and the British Royal Air Force suffered important losses in March 1944. Examine these and other World War II events in the subsequent section. Conspicuously absent from the Alpine events were 1980 gold medalists Ingemar Stenmark (Sweden) and Hanni Wenzel (Liechtenstein), who were thought of professionals and had been thus banned from Olympic competitors. In the men’s competitors Scott Hamilton (U.S.) edged out Brian Orser (Canada) to win the gold. The win for Iceland got here on board 4, but not with out luck. Irina Slutskaya, the favourite in the women’s competition, needed to settle for the bronze medal after Japan’s Arakawa Shizuka gave a dazzling efficiency to win her nation’s first gold medal in that event. The Alpine competition was marked by the shocking success of the Austrian skiers, who received 14 medals in all, together with gold medals in the women’s downhill and super-G by Michaela Dorfmeister, and by the disappointing performance of the American team led by World Cup champion Bode Miller, who was entered in five events however earned no Olympic medals. In the men’s occasions Gaétan Boucher (Canada) captured two gold medals and one bronze. Within the monitor occasions the Kenyan men’s staff won four of the six distance races.

June 14: Free French chief General Charles de Gaulle returns to France some four years after the Nazi occupation sent him into exile. From 1928 the Winter Games were held every four years in the same calendar yr because the Summer Games. Within 4 years, nonetheless, new amenities have been constructed, and accommodations had been made to support two million visitors. The monetary hegemon of the time when the gold mark was in use, nonetheless, was the pound sterling, with the sovereign (£1) being valued at 20.Forty three gold marks. At the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal, nevertheless, Karppinen beat Kolbe by greater than two seconds to take the gold medal. The general outcomes were predictably lopsided, with Americans incomes more than three-fourths of the 95 gold price today medals and greater than 230 medals in all. Follow extra World War II occasions of April and may 1940, including Nazi Germany's invasion of the Low Countries, on the following web page. The next yr the IOC altered its charter to create a separate Winter Olympics. The pictures of the moon and planets are produced by separate projection devices mounted on a frame between the two star spheres. Two years later an agreement was reached to rejoice an IOC-sanctioned International Winter Sports Week.

Thereafter the Winter and Summer Games were each held quadrennially, alternating in even-numbered years. The Games staged in St. Moritz, Switzerland, in 1928 had been formally designated the second Winter Olympics. Egypt, the British Virgin Islands, Monaco, سعر الذهب في الكويت Puerto Rico, and Senegal made their Winter Olympics debuts as a Winter Games-document number of national Olympic committees (49) competed at Sarajevo. The awarding of the 14th Winter Olympics to Sarajevo (now in Bosnia and Herzegovina) caught many by shock, together with the host country, which went to work building new amenities and making improvements to others with the intention to accommodate the Games. German velocity skater Claudia Pechstein gained two medals in Turin, bringing her profession whole to nine and making her the top medal winner in her sport’s Olympic history. Zoltán Halmay of Hungary and Charles Daniels of the United States each won two gold medals in individual swimming, whereas Emil Rausch of Germany gained three. Janet Evans of the United States gained three swimming events.

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